DIY Squirrel House: Build A Cozy Home

Aug 15, 2025 by Hugo van Dijk 38 views

How to Build a Squirrel House: A DIY Guide to Happy Squirrels

Hey guys! Are squirrels constantly raiding your bird feeders or digging up your garden? Instead of getting frustrated, why not embrace these furry critters and give them a cozy home of their own? Building a squirrel house is a fun and rewarding project that can help keep squirrels out of trouble while adding some charm to your yard. In this guide, we'll walk you through the steps of creating a fantastic squirrel abode that your bushy-tailed neighbors will adore.

Why Build a Squirrel House?

Before we dive into the how-to, let's talk about why you might want to build a squirrel house. Squirrels are fascinating creatures, and providing them with a designated space offers several benefits:

Protect Your Bird Feeders and Garden: A squirrel house gives squirrels an alternative food source and shelter, which can help deter them from raiding your bird feeders or digging up your prized petunias. Think of it as a peace treaty with your local wildlife!
Enjoy Squirrel Watching: A squirrel house provides a great opportunity to observe these playful animals up close. You can enjoy their antics without the frustration of them causing damage.
Provide Shelter: Squirrels need shelter from the elements and a safe place to raise their young. A well-built squirrel house can offer protection from harsh weather and predators.
Add Character to Your Yard: A creatively designed squirrel house can be a charming addition to your outdoor space. You can even personalize it to match your garden's style.

Understanding Squirrel Behavior and Needs:

Before diving into the construction process, it's crucial to understand the needs and behaviors of squirrels. This knowledge will help you design and build a squirrel house that is not only attractive but also functional and safe for its inhabitants. Squirrels are primarily arboreal creatures, meaning they spend most of their time in trees. They are active during the day and need a safe, dry, and warm place to rest, sleep, and raise their young. Their natural habitats include tree cavities, abandoned bird nests, and dreys (leaf nests). Squirrels are also territorial animals, so providing them with a designated space can help reduce conflicts with other squirrels and other wildlife. Furthermore, understanding their diet, which consists of nuts, seeds, fruits, and occasionally insects, will allow you to supplement their food supply in a responsible manner, ensuring they have a consistent source of nourishment. By understanding these aspects of squirrel behavior, you can create a squirrel house that mimics their natural habitat and meets their specific needs, ultimately fostering a harmonious coexistence between humans and these fascinating creatures.

Choosing the Right Location for Your Squirrel House:

The location of your squirrel house is as important as its design. Selecting the right spot can significantly increase the likelihood of squirrels using it. Squirrels prefer secluded and elevated locations that offer protection from predators and the elements. Ideally, mount your squirrel house on a tree, a pole, or the side of a building, at least 10 to 20 feet off the ground. This height provides a sense of security for the squirrels and makes it less accessible to ground-based predators like cats and dogs. The location should also be near a food source, such as trees that produce nuts or seeds, or a supplemental feeding station you provide. Placing the house in a shaded area will help keep it cool during the summer months, while a location that receives some sunlight during the winter can help warm it up. Avoid areas with heavy foot traffic or excessive noise, as these can disturb the squirrels. Consider the surrounding landscape and choose a spot that blends in naturally, making the squirrel house feel like a part of the environment. By carefully considering these factors, you can select a location that is both safe and appealing to squirrels, ensuring your new tenants will feel right at home.

Gathering Your Materials and Tools

Okay, let's get practical! To build your squirrel house, you'll need a few basic materials and tools. Here's a list to get you started:

Materials:

Untreated Wood: Cedar or redwood are excellent choices because they're naturally weather-resistant. Avoid treated lumber, as the chemicals can be harmful to squirrels.
Screws or Nails: Use exterior-grade screws or nails to ensure your house can withstand the elements.
Roofing Material: Asphalt shingles, cedar shakes, or even scrap metal can be used to create a waterproof roof.
Hardware Cloth (Optional): This can be used to create a mesh floor for drainage and ventilation.
Bedding Material (Optional): Dried leaves, straw, or wood shavings can make the house extra cozy.

Tools:

Saw: A circular saw or hand saw will work for cutting the wood.
Drill: For drilling pilot holes and attaching screws.
Measuring Tape: To ensure accurate cuts.
Pencil: For marking measurements.
Hammer: If you're using nails.
Safety Glasses: Always protect your eyes!

Choosing the Right Wood for Your Squirrel House:

The choice of wood is critical for the longevity and safety of your squirrel house. As mentioned earlier, untreated wood is the best option to avoid exposing squirrels to harmful chemicals. Cedar and redwood are particularly well-suited for this project due to their natural resistance to rot, decay, and insect infestations. These woods contain natural oils and compounds that act as preservatives, extending the life of the structure without the need for chemical treatments. Pine is another option, but it is less durable than cedar or redwood and may require additional weatherproofing. Avoid using pressure-treated lumber, as it contains chemicals that can be toxic to squirrels if ingested or inhaled. Reclaimed wood can be a sustainable and cost-effective choice, but make sure it is free from nails, staples, and any chemical treatments. When selecting your wood, also consider the thickness. A minimum of ¾ inch thick lumber is recommended to provide adequate insulation and structural stability. By choosing the right wood, you can ensure your squirrel house is not only safe and comfortable but also able to withstand the elements for years to come.

Essential Tools for Squirrel House Construction:

Having the right tools on hand will make the construction process smoother, safer, and more efficient. A circular saw or hand saw is essential for cutting the wood pieces to the required dimensions. A drill is necessary for creating pilot holes, which prevent the wood from splitting when screws are inserted, and for attaching the various components of the house. A measuring tape and pencil are indispensable for accurate measurements and markings, ensuring the pieces fit together correctly. If you opt to use nails instead of screws, a hammer will be needed. Clamps can be useful for holding pieces together while they are being fastened. Safety glasses are a must-have to protect your eyes from flying debris while cutting and drilling. A square will help ensure that corners are perfectly aligned, resulting in a sturdier structure. Depending on the complexity of your design, you may also find a jigsaw helpful for cutting curved or intricate shapes. A level can be used to ensure the house is mounted straight. By gathering these essential tools before you begin, you will be well-prepared to build a high-quality squirrel house that is both functional and aesthetically pleasing.

Building Your Squirrel House: Step-by-Step

Alright, let's get down to the nitty-gritty! Here's a basic design you can follow, but feel free to get creative and customize it to your liking.

Basic Squirrel House Design:

Floor: 10" x 10"
Sides: 10" wide x 12" high
Front: 10" wide x 15" high (with a 3" diameter entrance hole near the top)
Back: 10" wide x 18" high (slanted roof)
Roof: 12" wide x 14" deep

Steps:

Cut the Wood: Using your saw, cut the wood pieces according to the dimensions above. Be sure to measure carefully and cut straight lines.
Assemble the Sides: Attach the sides to the floor using screws or nails. Make sure the corners are square.
Attach the Front and Back: Attach the front and back pieces to the sides and floor. The slanted back piece will create the roof's slope.
Create the Entrance Hole: Using a drill with a 3" hole saw attachment, cut a hole near the top of the front piece. This will be the squirrel's entrance.
Attach the Roof: Attach the roof piece to the top of the sides, front, and back. Overhang the roof slightly to provide extra protection from rain.
Add Roofing Material: Cover the roof with your chosen roofing material to make it waterproof.
Add Hardware Cloth (Optional): If you're using hardware cloth for the floor, attach it to the bottom of the house.
Add Bedding (Optional): Place some dried leaves, straw, or wood shavings inside the house for extra comfort.

Detailed Construction Steps and Tips:

Now, let’s dive into a more detailed breakdown of each step, along with some tips to ensure a successful build. Start by carefully measuring and cutting the wood pieces. Precision is key here, as accurate cuts will result in a sturdier and more weatherproof structure. Use a circular saw for straight cuts and a jigsaw for any curved or intricate shapes. When assembling the sides, front, and back, use a combination of wood glue and screws or nails for a strong and durable bond. Apply glue along the edges before attaching the pieces, and then secure them with fasteners. Clamps can be invaluable during this stage, holding the pieces together while the glue dries and the fasteners are driven in. For the entrance hole, a 3-inch diameter is ideal, providing enough space for squirrels to enter and exit comfortably while deterring larger animals. Position the hole high enough to offer some protection from predators. When attaching the roof, ensure it overhangs the sides and front slightly to prevent rain from entering the house. This overhang will help keep the interior dry and cozy for the squirrels. If using roofing material like asphalt shingles or cedar shakes, follow the manufacturer’s instructions for proper installation. For the optional hardware cloth floor, attach it securely to the bottom of the house using staples or screws. This mesh floor will allow for drainage and ventilation, preventing moisture buildup inside the house. Finally, adding a layer of natural bedding material such as dried leaves or straw will provide extra insulation and comfort for the squirrels, making their new home even more inviting.

Customizing Your Squirrel House Design:

While the basic design outlined above provides a solid foundation, don't hesitate to get creative and customize your squirrel house to suit your preferences and the needs of your local squirrel population. One popular customization is adding multiple chambers or compartments within the house. This can provide separate spaces for nesting and storing food, making the house more versatile and appealing to squirrels. Another option is to incorporate a second entrance or escape route, which can help squirrels feel safer from predators. Consider adding a small, covered porch or landing outside the entrance hole, providing a convenient spot for squirrels to perch and survey their surroundings. You can also vary the shape and style of the roof, from a simple flat roof to a more elaborate gabled or pitched roof. The exterior of the house can be painted or stained to match your garden décor, but be sure to use non-toxic, exterior-grade products that are safe for wildlife. Adding decorative touches like small wooden shingles, carved details, or even a squirrel-sized window can enhance the aesthetic appeal of the house. Remember to prioritize functionality and safety when making customizations. Ensure that any modifications do not compromise the structural integrity of the house or create potential hazards for the squirrels. By incorporating your own creative ideas, you can build a unique and charming squirrel house that adds character to your yard while providing a cozy home for your furry neighbors.

Mounting Your Squirrel House

Once your squirrel house is built, it's time to mount it! As we discussed earlier, location is key. Here are a few tips for mounting your squirrel house:

Choose a Sturdy Location: A tree trunk, a sturdy branch, or a post are all good options.
Mount it High: Aim for at least 10-20 feet off the ground to keep it safe from predators.
Use Sturdy Hardware: Use lag bolts or heavy-duty screws to securely attach the house.
Consider the Entrance: Position the entrance away from prevailing winds and facing a safe direction.

Safe and Secure Mounting Techniques:

Ensuring the squirrel house is mounted safely and securely is crucial for the well-being of its inhabitants. Choosing a sturdy and stable mounting location is the first step. A mature tree with a thick trunk or a strong branch is an excellent option, as it provides a solid foundation and natural camouflage. If a tree is not available, a sturdy post or pole can also be used. The height of the mounting is another critical factor. Mounting the house at least 10 to 20 feet off the ground helps protect the squirrels from ground-based predators like cats, dogs, and raccoons. It also provides them with a sense of security and reduces disturbance from human activity. To attach the house, use heavy-duty hardware such as lag bolts or large screws. These fasteners are strong enough to support the weight of the house and withstand the elements. Drill pilot holes before inserting the bolts or screws to prevent the wood from splitting. If mounting to a tree, avoid using nails or wire, as these can harm the tree over time. Instead, use straps or brackets that allow for some movement as the tree grows. Consider the direction of the entrance when mounting the house. Ideally, the entrance should face away from prevailing winds and rain, and towards a safe direction, such as a wooded area or another tree. This will help keep the interior of the house dry and protected. Finally, make sure the house is level and stable after mounting. A wobbly or tilted house can be uncomfortable and unsafe for the squirrels. By following these mounting techniques, you can ensure your squirrel house is a safe and secure haven for your furry friends.

Maintenance and Care for Your Squirrel House:

Like any home, a squirrel house requires regular maintenance and care to keep it in good condition and ensure the comfort and safety of its inhabitants. Regular cleaning is essential to prevent the buildup of parasites and bacteria. Once or twice a year, typically in the early spring or late fall when squirrels are less active, remove any old nesting material, droppings, and debris from the house. Use a scraper or brush to clean the interior surfaces, and then rinse with a mild disinfectant solution. Allow the house to dry completely before adding fresh bedding material. Inspect the house regularly for any signs of damage, such as cracks, leaks, or loose fasteners. Repair any damage promptly to prevent it from worsening and compromising the structure. Check the mounting hardware periodically to ensure it is still secure and tighten any loose bolts or screws. If the roof is damaged or leaking, repair or replace it to keep the interior dry. If you notice any signs of pests, such as mites or fleas, treat the house with a wildlife-safe insecticide or consult with a pest control professional. Adding fresh bedding material, such as dried leaves, straw, or wood shavings, each year will help keep the house warm and cozy for the squirrels. By providing regular maintenance and care, you can extend the life of your squirrel house and ensure it remains a safe and comfortable home for squirrels for years to come.

Attracting Squirrels to Their New Home

So, you've built a fantastic squirrel house – great! Now, how do you convince the squirrels to move in? Here are a few tips:

Provide Food: Place some squirrel-friendly food near the entrance, such as nuts, seeds, or corn.
Create a Pathway: Clear a pathway to the house from nearby trees or bushes.
Add Bedding: A cozy bed of leaves or straw can make the house more inviting.
Be Patient: It may take some time for squirrels to discover and move into their new home.

Effective Strategies for Attracting Squirrels:

Attracting squirrels to their new home involves creating an environment that is both inviting and safe. One of the most effective strategies is to provide a reliable food source near the entrance of the house. Squirrels are naturally attracted to nuts, seeds, and corn, so placing a small pile of these items can pique their interest and encourage them to explore the house. A squirrel feeder placed nearby can also serve as a convenient and consistent food supply. Creating a clear and accessible pathway to the house from nearby trees or bushes is another important step. Squirrels prefer to travel along established routes, so clearing away any obstacles and providing a direct path will make the house more appealing. Adding a layer of comfortable bedding material inside the house, such as dried leaves, straw, or wood shavings, can make it a more inviting and cozy space for squirrels to nest and shelter. Consider placing some of the same bedding material along the pathway to the house, creating a scent trail that leads squirrels to their new home. Patience is key when attracting squirrels. It may take some time for them to discover and feel comfortable using the house. Avoid disturbing the area around the house and allow the squirrels to explore it at their own pace. Over time, they will come to view the squirrel house as a safe and reliable resource, making it a permanent part of their territory.

What to Feed Squirrels to Encourage Them to Nest:

Providing the right kind of food can significantly increase the chances of squirrels using your squirrel house. Squirrels have a varied diet, but they are particularly fond of nuts, seeds, and certain fruits. Offering a mix of these foods will cater to their nutritional needs and make the house more attractive. Nuts are a staple in a squirrel’s diet, and they provide essential fats and proteins. Acorns, walnuts, hazelnuts, and pecans are all excellent choices. Seeds, such as sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, and birdseed mixes, are also highly appealing to squirrels. These seeds are rich in energy and nutrients, making them a valuable food source. In addition to nuts and seeds, squirrels enjoy certain fruits, such as apples, grapes, and berries. These fruits provide essential vitamins and minerals, as well as a source of hydration. Avoid feeding squirrels processed foods, sugary snacks, or salty treats, as these can be harmful to their health. It’s also important to avoid foods that may contain toxins, such as chocolate or onions. When placing food near the squirrel house, use a feeder or platform to keep the food off the ground and prevent it from becoming contaminated. Replenish the food supply regularly to ensure squirrels have a consistent source of nourishment. By providing a nutritious and varied diet, you can encourage squirrels to nest in your squirrel house and make it a permanent part of their home range.

Conclusion

Building a squirrel house is a rewarding project that benefits both you and your local squirrels. It's a fun way to engage with nature, protect your garden, and provide a safe haven for these fascinating creatures. So, grab your tools, gather your materials, and get building! Your bushy-tailed neighbors will thank you for it.

Have fun building, guys! And remember, a little effort can go a long way in creating a harmonious backyard ecosystem.

Final Thoughts and Tips for Success:

As you embark on your squirrel house building adventure, keep in mind that success comes from a combination of careful planning, thoughtful execution, and a little bit of patience. Before you start, take the time to thoroughly research squirrel behavior and habitat preferences. This will help you design a house that truly meets their needs and is more likely to be used. Pay close attention to the materials you choose, opting for natural, untreated wood that is safe and durable. Accurate measurements and precise cuts are essential for a sturdy and weatherproof structure, so take your time and double-check your work. When assembling the house, use a combination of wood glue and screws for a strong and lasting bond. Think about the location of the house and choose a spot that is elevated, sheltered, and close to a food source. Mounting the house securely is crucial for the safety of the squirrels and the longevity of the structure. Be prepared to wait patiently for squirrels to discover and move into their new home. It may take some time for them to feel comfortable in the space, so avoid disturbing the area and allow them to explore at their own pace. Regular maintenance, such as cleaning and repairs, will help keep the house in good condition and ensure it remains a safe and comfortable haven for squirrels for years to come. By following these tips and putting in the effort, you can create a wonderful squirrel house that enhances your backyard and provides a valuable resource for local wildlife.